选择合适的橡胶跑道表面并不是一刀切的。了解主要类别有助于学校、俱乐部和社区选择真正符合他们需求、预算以及使用方式的选项。忘掉营销术语;让我们来分析一下现实世界中的选择。
1. 预制橡胶履带(“展开式”类型)
Think of these like high-performance carpet rolls for the ground. They’re made in a factory under controlled conditions.
大卷预制橡胶板(通常宽1.25米)被送到现场。安装工将它们在完美准备好的沥青或混凝土基础上展开,粘贴固定,并使用热和溶剂焊接接缝。
耐用的、UV稳定的橡胶颗粒(通常为EPDM或SBR)与聚氨酯(PU)或乳胶结合在一起。
A strong backing fabric (like polyester mesh) for stability.
竞争赛道标记、数字、标志已工厂融合到顶层。后续无需再进行涂装。
Made in a factory, so thickness and density are uniform.
Less weather-dependent than poured surfaces once the base is ready.
完美集成的标记不会脱落。
满足竞争标准,可靠。
Material cost is usually higher than poured options.
Requires expert welding; poorly done seams can lift.
Often slightly firmer than poured tracks (though shock pads underneath solve this).
Schools or clubs needing IAAF/World Athletics certification for competition tracks, projects needing fast installation windows, or where precise, long-lasting markings are critical.
2. 倒入式(PIP)橡胶履带(“液体层”类型)
这就像在轨道网站上直接创建一个定制的橡胶地毯。它是分层构建的。
A layer of rubber foam or granules for cushioning is often laid first.
液态聚氨酯(PU)胶水涂抹在基材上。
While the glue is wet, EPDM or SBR rubber granules are broadcast (scattered) onto it.
The liquid PU hardens, locking the granules in place. Multiple layers might be applied.
在固化后涂在表面上。
液态聚氨酯 (PU) - 连接一切的“胶水”。质量差异巨大。
Primarily EPDM (colored, durable, UV-resistant) or SBR (often black/grey recycled rubber, cheaper).
跑道上没有任何接缝或缝合。
Can be tuned softer or firmer by adjusting the granule-to-PU ratio and layer thickness.
Often provides a slightly softer, more energy-absorbing feel underfoot.
Can create complex color patterns easily.
- Cons:
- Highly Installation-Dependent:
Quality relies entirely on crew skill, weather conditions (temp/humidity), and precise mixing. A bad pour leads to failures.
Needs significant time (days/weeks) to fully harden before use.
Surface markings wear off faster than prefab and need repainting.
Thickness and density can vary slightly across the track if not expertly applied.
社区跑道、学校跑道优先考虑舒适性和缓震性、具有复杂色彩设计的项目,或需要无缝外观的地方。
3. 混合轨道(混合预制件和浇筑)
此方法旨在兼顾两者的优点,主要用于性能跟踪。
A base layer of PU-bound rubber granules (often SBR for cost/cushioning) is poured directly onto the asphalt/concrete base.
一层更薄的高性能预制橡胶(通常是纯EPDM/PU)随后被粘贴在浇筑层的顶部。
Combines SBR (poured base) and Prefab EPDM (top wear layer).
Combina la amortiguación de una base vertida con la superficie consistente y duradera de prefab.
The tough prefab top layer resists wear and UV fading.
The SBR base layer provides significant impact protection.
Uses more materials and complex installation.
Requires expertise in both pouring and prefab techniques.
高水平竞争场地(如专业体育场或奥林匹克训练设施),在这里,最大性能、耐用性和满足严格标准至关重要。预算限制较少。
Key Factor: Granule Type Matters (EPDM vs. SBR)
Both PIP 和 Prefab 表面在很大程度上依赖于所使用的橡胶颗粒:
优越的紫外线抵抗力(颜色保持鲜艳8-10年以上),出色的耐用性,良好的弹性,提供无毒选项。
More expensive than SBR.
The premium choice for the top surface layer in both PIP and Prefab tracks, especially for colored areas.
Often made from recycled car/truck tires (crumb rubber).
显著低于EPDM的价格,提供良好的缓冲。
在阳光下迅速褪色(1-3年内变为灰色/黑色),耐用性差,手感较粗糙,使用低质量或未认证的回收材料可能存在化学渗漏的潜在问题。
主要用作PIP系统中的基础层(覆盖有彩色EPDM)或作为低成本PIP表面的便宜填充材料。现在很少单独用于优质跑道的表面。
Choosing Wisely: It's About Your Needs
Prefabricated 是你的朋友,特别是对于认证的比赛赛道。
- Want Comfort & Seamless Design?
Poured-in-Place (PIP) 提供了缓冲和创造自由,但请非常谨慎地选择您的安装人员。
混合系统 提供最佳技术规格,价格也相应。
- Budget Tight & Cushioning Key?
A PIP track using an EPDM wear layer over an SBR base offers a good compromise. Insist on quality EPDM and binder.
The Bottom Line:
理解这些核心类型——预制、浇筑和混合——可以消除困惑。请记住,材料的质量(尤其是粘合剂和EPDM颗粒)以及安装工的技能与类型本身同样重要。在做出最终决定之前,始终要求详细的规格、样品,并参观已有数年的现有安装。